News (Updated April 11, 2010)

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Few sexually active teens in US get HIV test: CDC

 

Nearly half the HIV-positive U.S. adolescents and young adults are unaware of their infection, and less than a quarter of sexually active high school students are tested for the virus, U.S. health officials say.CHICAGO (Reuters) - Nearly half the HIV-positive U.S. adolescents and young adults are unaware of their infection, and less than a quarter of sexually active high school students are tested for the virus, U.S. health officials said on Thursday.

Only 22 percent of sexually active high school students are tested for human immunodeficiency virus, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in an analysis using data from a 2007 survey of students in grades 9-12 (ages 14-18).

"At the end of 2006, an estimated 48 percent of adolescents and young adults infected with HIV were unaware of their infection, representing missed opportunities for diagnosis, treatment, and reduction in the number of new HIV transmissions," the CDC said.

It said people aged 12 to 24 represented 4.4 percent of the estimated 1.1 million people in the United States infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Yet they represented 10 percent of the estimated 232,700 people living with the virus without knowing it.

Older high school students are most likely to have been tested for HIV, and girls are more likely to have gotten the test than boys, the CDC said in its weekly report on death and disease.

HIV testing was more common among students who had ever been taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection than among those who had not, the study found. The researchers urged more schools to include information about testing in their curriculum.

The CDC recommends that doctors offer HIV screening as part of routine checkups for U.S. high school students.

(Reporting by Julie Steenhuysen; editing by Mohammad Zargham)

 

Planned Parenthood Pamphlet Opposes Informing Partners of AIDS Infection

Posted on 10 April 2010 by | Author: Rudi Stettner

It seems that Planned Parenthood has found a new way to support population control. A recent Planned Parenthood pamphlet targeting youth has come under fire for opposing HIV disclosure laws. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. By law in most countries and jurisdictions, someone who suffers from AIDS must disclose this fact to their sex partners. Planned Parenthood thinks that this is unfair. CNS News reports as follows on what seems to be a backhanded attempt by Planned Parenthood to reduce the world’s population. The quote is from the Planned Parenthood pamphlet.

“Some countries have laws that say people living with HIV must tell their sexual partner(s) about their status before having sex, even if they use condoms or only engage in sexual activity with a low risk of giving HIV to someone else,” the guide states. “These laws violate the rights of people living with HIV by forcing them to disclose or face the possibility of criminal charges.”

It would seem to be common sense that HIV should be disclosed to one’s sex partner. Other sexually transmitted diseases are handled this way. There used to be contact tracing, in which those suffering from venereal disease used to name their partners, who would in turn be informed that they had been exposed to VD. Those contacts were traced a step further until infection clusters had all been treated.

Unfortunately, common sense is not so common anymore, now is it?

TB: A Disease of the Past? Action Now!

RESULTS UK writes for ePolitix.com ahead of World Tuberculosis Day on Wednesday 24th March.

On World Tuberculosis Day 2010, the UK Coalition to Stop TB, a network of around 40 organisations, hosted by RESULTS UK, will launch its 2010 campaign, 'TB: A Disease of the Past? Action Now!'.

The UK Coalition to Stop TB is calling on the next UK government to make tuberculosis a priority for the UK 's international and domestic health agenda, and to push the G8 and G20 for replenishment of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria.

In 1993, the World Health Organization declared TB to be a 'global emergency'. In 2010, more people are dying from this ancient killer than ever before.

"Donors' policy focus is increasingly, and laudably, strong health systems," said Aparna Barua , UK coalition coordinator, RESULTS UK. "But we must not take our eye off the ball with specific disease programmes such as TB. Strong TB programmes contribute to strong health systems, as well as save lives. Sector-wide approaches must not undermine this."

The Coalition is officially launching 'TB: A Disease of the Past? Action Now!' at an evening reception in Westminster on 24 March 2010. Its 'TB asks' for the UK include to review and update the chief medical officer's TB Action Plan 2004, and to develop clear, monitorable national standards for the provision of TB care in the UK.

Globally, the coalition is calling for the UK to increase its financing of the Global Plan to Stop TB 2006-2015 so that it is fully funded, and contribute its 'fair share' to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria.

It is asking the Department for International Development (DfID) to ensure TB is a priority within its global health strategies, and to review and update its 2005 practice paper on TB and malaria, as well as mainstream TB in all its health programmes, including HIV/Aids, nutrition and maternal health.

TB must be prioritised at the Millennium Development Goal Review Summit in September and a plan developed to ensure the 2015 target is met. Research and development of new drugs, diagnostics and vaccines; integration of TB and HIV/Aids programmes; and specific actions for hard-to-reach and marginalised populations, also feature.

Leaders of the three main political parties will issue statements of support on World TB Day. The event at the Conference Room, Mary Sumner House, Westminster from 6.30 to 8.30pm, will also unveil Target TB's photo exhibition, 'Hope stories from India '.

RESULTS UK is a partner in the TB Action (Advocacy to Control Tuberculosis Internationally) Project, set up in 2004 to address and help reverse the global TB problem. It works with national governments and civil society in India and Kenya to rapidly expand TB treatment.

 

The heroin epidemic advancing on Russia

 Rupert Wingfield-Hayes
BBC News, Russia

Since the fall of the Taliban regime in 2001, opium production in Afghanistan has risen dramatically. Russia 's geographic proximity to the region has made it a huge consumer - sending thousands of Russians to an early grave every year.

Igor's body is delivered to his family

Igor is just one of 30,000 Russians who will die from heroin this year

A couple of weeks ago, and three time zones east of Moscow , I sat and watched another mother as she cried over the lifeless body of her 20-year-old son. It felt like an affront being there, intruding on her inconsolable grief.

The reason I was there, the reason she'd let me be there, is that her son, Igor, had been killed by heroin.

It is a sad fact in Russia that men, in particular, go to an early grave. On average a Russian man is lucky to make it to 60.

In the frozen heart of Siberia they die even younger - around 57.

Alcohol is by far the biggest killer. More than half a million Russians drink themselves to death every year.

But since the early 2000s, another killer has been spreading at frightening speed across Russia .

Actually there are two of them, one closely stalking the other. The first is heroin. The second is HIV.

Straddling Afghanistan

In the US , there are around 800,000 heroin addicts. In the UK , between 200,000 and 300,000.

In Russia , there are now two and a half million.

Why? What makes Russia so different? Perhaps it has something to do with the climate. In a country that spends half the year in gloom, depression is a big problem.

But by far the biggest reason is geography. Take a look at a map of the world and draw a line north from Afghanistan .

I had buried every single one of my family. I had no more reason to live, I just lay down on a bed and injected and injected

Sergei

The vast bulk of Russia straddles the Eurasian continent from end to end.

We hear a lot about the effects of Afghan heroin on the streets of Europe . But the countries that are really suffering are the ones on Afghanistan 's doorstep, places we know little about, and care even less - Tajikistan , Kyrgyzstan , Kazakhstan , and the biggest of all - Russia .

Continue along that line north and you will eventually arrive at the Siberian city of Novokuznetsk .

New life

It was there that I met a remarkable group of young men. Vlad has the shoulders and bull neck of a nightclub bouncer. But today he is training to become a Protestant priest.

He is also a virtual father to 25 young men. Vlad is a former heroin addict, as are all his staff and all the young men in his care.

Among them is an intense young man called Sergei - his face cast in a seemingly permanent frown.

Former heroin addict, Sergei

Sergei was one of Novokuznetsk 's 30,000 heroin addicts

Sergei gave up heroin about nine months ago. That he was able to - as well as choose a new life - speaks volumes of the work that Vlad and his staff are doing.

Sergei's father was an alcoholic who beat his mother, stole and ended up in prison. He died there from liver failure.

His mother killed herself when Sergei was a teenager. He found her body hanging from a light fitting in the hallway of their flat. By the age of 15, Sergei and his brother were alone, and dealing drugs.

By the age of 20 he was a major heroin dealer. Then in 2007 his brother was killed, beaten to death in a fight with other drug dealers. What was left of Sergei's world collapsed.

"I had buried every single one of my family," he tells me. "I had no more reason to live, I just lay down on a bed and injected and injected."

That is were Vlad found him a year ago, unwashed, surrounded by filth and close to death.

Building coffins

In the last year, his transformation has been extraordinary. Today Sergei is healthy, strong, and even talks of perhaps contacting his long-lost girlfriend.

But he is one of the few.

In the basement of the rehabilitation centre Vlad shows me the drying-out cell. A terribly ill looking young man is slumped on a bed.

We have to make money somehow, and round here there's never any shortage of business for an undertaker

Vlad

"He came in last night - new arrivals stay here for the first two weeks."

I immediately knew what he was talking about - cold turkey. Heroin withdrawal is an extremely traumatic experience. But it is staying off for the long term that is really difficult.

"Half the young men won't make it," Vlad says. "They'll go back to the streets."

It is perhaps not surprising that Vlad and his band of ex-addicts have a rather bleak sense of humour.

They have turned one room in to a workshop, where I found three young men building what I could swear were coffins.

"Why are you building coffins?" I ask, rather surprised.

"We run an undertakers business," Vlad replies, very matter-of-fact.

"An undertakers? Isn't that a bit morbid given what you've all been through?"

"We have to make money somehow, and round here there's never any shortage of business for an undertaker."

 

People Living With HIV/AIDS: India Must Not Sacrifice Us In Trade Agreement With Europe

15 Mar 2010   

As the final round of closed-door negotiations for a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between India and the European Union (EU) is about to start this month, people living with HIV/AIDS are protesting to ensure Indian negotiators do not give in to pressure to accept terms that will seriously hamper access to medicines for millions of people living in the developing world.

"We are marching to call on the Indian government not to trade away our lives," said Loon Gangte, president of the Delhi Network of Positive People (DNP+). "Lifelong treatment for people living with HIV depends on continued access to newer AIDS medicines. Because of international trade rules that India has already signed in the past, some of our newer AIDS medicines are already patented and completely unaffordable. We are protesting against India 's accepting terms that would further compromise access to life-saving medicine."

In 2005, in order to comply with the international trade rules, India was obliged to grant patents on medicines, but the country also introduced measures to protect public health and limit abusive patenting. But the bilateral trade agreement negotiated with the EU now threatens to impose even higher standards of intellectual property protection, enabling companies to maintain prohibitively high prices on medicines.

"As the source of 92 percent of the AIDS medicines used in developing countries today, India is the pharmacy of the developing world. So the impact of this also stretches far beyond India ," said Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Campaigner Leena Menghaney. "In recent free trade agreements signed with the EU or the US , developing countries agreed to introduce very strict intellectual property rules that drastically restrict ability to produce or trade in affordable generic medicines. If India also gives in, access to treatment for people living with HIV/AIDS and other patients will have been sacrificed in the negotiation process."

Specific measures that Europe is pushing such as data exclusivity, which delays the registration of generic medicines, and an extension of the patent term beyond 20 years, are unnecessary under international rules. In addition, after multiple incidents of seizing Indian generic medicines in transit to other developing countries in Latin America and Africa, the EU is now seeking to legitimize such measures by forcing India to adopt them in the FTA.

Informal talks between European and Indian negotiators are reportedly opening in New Delhi this week, before formal talks take place in Brussels in April. The EU says it wants to conclude the FTA negotiations ahead of the EU-India summit scheduled for October 2010.

Source
Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières

 

Methadone withdrawal 'could lead to rise in crime'

A group of experts believe scrapping of the heroin substitute would also lead to more drug addict deaths.

05 April 2010

Methadone withdrawal 'could lead to rise in crime'

Methadone: Experts warn of withdrawing drug

Scrapping methadone treatment for drug addicts could lead to a rise in crime and drug deaths, a group of experts claimed.

The heroin substitute should be "readily available" to all addicts seeking help, they said.

The group of around 40 experts from around the world included doctors who treat addicts and university professors.

Scotland saw nearly 600 drug-related deaths last year.

But weaning users off heroin with methadone has been criticised by some. Tory leader Annabel Goldie claimed many addicts were "parked" on methadone.

But the group claimed "reliable and persistent research" showed that methadone treatment substantially reduced deaths, crime, HIV infection and drug use.

The letter, to a Scottish newspaper, read: "No treatment in medicine works every time but methadone treatment has helped more people in the world overcome their problems with heroin than any other.

"This treatment should be readily available to every person that seeks help, accepts this option and meets national criteria.

"If policy-makers were to heed the critics advice to close down methadone treatment or impose an arbitrary time limit on its administration, the community can anticipate more overdose deaths, more HIV and more crime.

"Surely that is not what the public want and deserve."

The Scottish Government's drug strategy, launched in 2008, focuses on helping addicts become drug-free.

Community Safety Minister Fergus Ewing said at the time that services for drug users should not just be about reducing risk and harm but should "support people to move on towards a drug-free life as active and contributing members of society".

 

Man convicted for defaming ex-girlfriend on internet

Man convicted for defaming ex-girlfriend on internetBeijing, April 11 – A Chinese man has been convicted for conducting a slander campaign on the internet, accusing his former girlfriend of being raped, working as a prostitute and spreading AIDS, a report said.

Yang Yongmeng, 32, distributed explicit photos and video footage of his former girlfriend on the Internet, and fabricated a story that she had been raped, worked as a prostitute and was infected with HIV, after she broke up with him, Xinhua reported Saturday.

The campaign resulted in the woman becoming the subject of public vitriol and which ruined her reputation.

Yang was later convicted of aggravated defamation and sentenced at the People’s Court in Rongcheng county in Hebei province March 26, an official was quoted as saying Saturday.

Yang met the woman in March 2008. They soon became lovers and lived together in Beijing , when he shot explicit video clips and photos, police said.

After the woman broke up with him in June 2009, he reacted by distributing the video footage in her hometown. He uploaded the video clips on the internet and said she had been raped by her stepfather and become HIV-positive.

He said she was spreading HIV to new clients each day and wanted to seek fame by attracting public attention on the internet.

Yang also published 282 phone numbers, saying that they were ‘clients’ of the ‘AIDS-infected prostitute’.

More than 157,000 webpages, 6,420 online reports and 735 video clips were also uploaded till Oct 27, 2009, police said.

Meanwhile, tests conducted by the national disease control and prevention centre found out the woman was free of HIV.


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